Iran

A HERO: Kafka, Iran-style

by
Photo caption: Mohsen Tanabandeh, Saheh Karimai and Amir Jahidi in A HERO. Courtesy of Amazon Studios.

In A Hero, the latest from Iranian auteur Asghar Farhadi, Rahim (Amir Jahidi) finds himself entangled in a Kafkaesque web of Iranian law and social convention. To start with, Rahim is in debtor’s prison. That’s right – Rahim’s creditor has him incarcerated so he can’t work to pay off his debt. Of course, the creditor is Rahim’s ex-brother-in-law (Mohsen Tanabandeh), who seems to prefer ruining Rahim’s life to being repaid.

Rahim gets a two-day pass, so the clock is ticking – Rahim must get his creditor’s sign-off in his 48 hours of freedom, or he goes back to the slammer. Rahim’s secret girlfriend Farkondeh (Sahar Goldust) happens on a lost purse with gold coins, but fluctuations in the gold market mean that the trove isn’t enough to pay off the debt anyway.

[MILD SPOILER IN THIS PARAGRAPH}. In any case, Rahim feels sorry for whoever lost the gold coins, so he finds a way to return them. The absurdity of a guy in debtor’s prison returning some gold that he found fair and square is noted by the prison authorities, who call in the TV news crews for a Feel Good story. In his 15 minutes of celebrity, everything is lining up to help Rahim to collect donations and pay off enough of his debt to avoid reincarceration..

Unfortunately, the creditor ex-brother-in-law is so bitter that he won’t play along. Then Rahim’s luck turns bad and things start spinning out of control. Traditional family honor makes things worse.

Rahim’s young son (Saheh Karimai ) accompanies him throughout much of Rahim’s two-day dash and witnesses his dad’s indignities and desperation – a particularly poignant aspect of A Hero.

Jahidi delivers a fine performance as the lead, and excels at portraying Rahim’s sense of resignation. 

Farhadi, perhaps the world’s leading master of the family psychological drama, does not make Feel Good movies. That’s because he makes the audience care so much about his characters that we ache along with them. The payoff is that Farhadi delivers genuine human behavior and authentic human emotion.

I summarized his Oscar-winning film A Separation, which as “brilliant film/tough to watch”. That movie and his The Past and The Salesman all reflect life at its messiness – especially how life resists our desire to make everything tidy and symmetrical. 

Those previous Farhadi films are more universal than A Hero, which is very specific to Iranian institutions and customs that Farhadi is criticizing. There would be no plot at all if this were set in a Western nation – Rahim would just get an on-line loan to refinance his debt – and he would never see the inside of a prison. I found A Hero two steps down from his other work – the payoff doesn’t justify the squirming.

Farhadi is highly admired by the Academy of Motion Pictures, which loves to jab at the oppressive Iranian government by praising Farhadi, so it is telling that A Hero was NOT nominated for the Best International Picture Oscar.

A Hero is streaming on Amazon (included with Prime).

HIT THE ROAD: a funny family masks their tough choice

by
Photo caption: Pantea Panahiha and Amin Simiar in HIT THE ROAD. Courtesy of Kino Lorber.

In Hit the Road, we join an Iranian family’s road trip. It’s a relatively uneventful journey through barren countryside, but it’s unforgettable because of the characters and the reason for their trip. Their motivation is more loaded than it first appears.

The 20-year old Big Brother (Amin Simiar) is driving the little four-door hatchback sedan, with Mom (Pantea Panahiha) in the front seat. Dad (Hasan Majuni) is sprawling in the middle of the back seat, his leg in a massive cast. The six-year-old Little Brother (Rayan Sarlak) is bouncing around the back. An old dog (literally on his last legs) is in the way-back.

The first thing we notice us that the little kid is very precocious and a tornado of energy, a naturally caffeinated rascal. He has no volume modulation dial, and this kid is going full blast all the time. Fortunately, he is really smart and mostly funny, and his parents have built up a tolerance, so they don’t bind and gag him (which, admittedly, briefly crossed my mind).

The second thing we notice is the banter between the mom, dad and little kid. They are sarcastic, always teasing, and hilariously deadpan. Everyone is constantly tossing off playful threats. Everyone, that is, except for Big Brother, who sits behind the wheel in stoic silence, steeped in melancholy.

That’s because he knows the real reason for the trip, which the parents have not truthfully disclosed to the kid brother. That reason is never made entirely explicit, but there’s a telling clue over halfway through.

[MILD SPOILER: Suffice it to say, sometimes parents must lose their child to save him.]

Hasan Majuni and Amin Simiar in HIT THE ROAD. Courtesy of Kino Lorber.

The acting is top-rate. Hasan Majuni is perfect as the dad, a guy you can imagine holding forth in front of the TV and bellowing, “Hey, bring me a kabob”. He is jovial and commanding, even when hobbling along on his cast. But when the dad is unwatched by anyone else, his thoughts are of what is ahead for his family – his look intensifies as it takes on loss, determination, grief and resignation.

Pantea Panahiha is just as excellent as the mom, caustically funny, but with strong emotions sometimes leaking out. She’s just trying to make sure the little kid doesn’t notice.

The Wife liked Hit the Road even more than I did. I found this especially significant since I generally enjoy both international cinema and challenging films more than she does. She particularly admired and was drawn in by the acting, especially by Majuni and Panahiha.

Rayan Sarlak in HIT THE ROAD. Courtesy of Kino Lorber.

Hit the Road is the first feature for writer-director Panah Panahi. Panahi clearly has a gift for making the most from a low budget, a tiny cast and a bleak landscape.

Hit the Road premiered at Cannes’ Directors Fortnight and then took to the festival circuit, including SFFILM 2022. It is now in theaters.

COUP 53: uncovering what we suspected

by
COUP 53. Courtesy of Coup 53.

The Cold War espionage documentary Coup 53 brings astounding new source material to the history of the 1953 coup which replaced the democratically elected Premier of Iran, Mohammad Mosaddegh, with the Shah.

The key to the success of Coup 53 is that filmmaker Taghi Amirani uncovered troves of never-before seen source material. Amirani brings us oral histories of Iranian witnesses to the coup, including a play-by-play from Mosaddegh’s head of security. He adds a video interview with the last surviving Iranian coup plotter, an especially cadaverous and repugnant individual. There are also boxes of more recently-declassified CIA documents.

COUP 53. Courtesy of Coup 53

But, most essential are the tapes and transcripts of interviews for a 1970s BBC documentary. The testimony of Norman Darbyshire, the British spy who masterminded the coup, was cut from the BBC doc, but Amirani found an uncensored transcript. Ingeniously, Coup 53 reconstructs Darbyshire’s interview in the same room in London’s Savoy Hotel, with the same camera operator present (!) and actor Ralph Fiennes reciting Darbyshire’s actual words.

Why did Darbyshire spill the beans? He may have resented that CIA agent Kermit Roosevelt (TR’s grandson) exaggerated his role as a last minute bag man, when Darbyshire had laid the groundwork for years and was the real instigator.

Although the UK’s involvement has never been officially acknowledged by the UK government, everyone has known about it for decades. There’s even a clip in Coup 53 of Richard Nixon explaining it on TV in the 1970s or 1980s. But this is very personal to Taghi Amirani, and he puts great import on the smoking gun – an interview with the British spy who designed and directed the coup.

Although I think that Amirani oversells the proof of British involvement, there is is lot of exciting new stuff for the moderately informed rest of us. For example, we get a deeper-than-usual dive into Mohammad Mosaddegh himself, a man many of us have only seen as a victim of Western over-reaction to communism. We also learn that:

  • Harry Truman opposed the regime change, but newbie President Ike was persuaded by Wall Street’s Dulles brothers to green light the coup.
  • The CIA was walking away after an initial coup failure.
  • After the UK did the dirty work, the US got the most influence with the Shah, and, with Israel’s help, set up the Shah’s brutal and hated secret police, the Savak.

From Mosaddegh’s nephew, we learn about Mosaddegh’s final years under house arrest, his last secret joyride through Tehran and his unusual dining room burial.

There’s one stunning What If moment – revolutionary Iranian President Abolhassan Banisadr explains that after the first coup attempt failed, Mosaddegh had the list of all the coup plotters. Had he executed them all immediately, there would have been no coup in 1953, no revolution and Hostage Crisis in 1978 and today Iran would be a stable, 70-year-old Muslim democracy in the Middle East.

Coup 53 is directed by Taghi Amirani and its editor, Walter Murch. The Iran-born and UK-educated Amirani is the researcher and on-camera interviewer. Murch is probably our greatest living film editor and the person who invented the entire field of movie sound design in the 1970s.

Coup 53 is available to stream on Virtual Cinema; I watched it at the Roxie.

THE SALESMAN: an authentic slow burn with very high stakes

by

Taraneh Alidoosti and Shahab Hosseini in THE SALESMAN. Photo: Cohen Media Group
Taraneh Alidoosti and Shahab Hosseini in THE SALESMAN. Photo: Cohen Media Group

The Salesman is another searing and authentic film from Iranian writer-director Asghar Farhadi. Set in contemporary Iran, a young educated, middle class couple (Shahab Hosseini and Taraneh Alidoosti) has to change apartments in a rush. He’s a literature teacher by day, and the two are starring in a production of Death of a Salesman. The new apartment is sketchy, and something traumatic happens to the wife, something that she says she can’t fully remember. He embarks on a whodunit while doing everything he can to support her – but it turns out that he’s not equipped to keep up with her reactions to events. By the end, the two must determine the fate of a third character, and the stakes are very high.

Farhadi is perhaps the world’s leading master of the family psychological drama. The two Farhadi films that have received wide release in the US are the award-winning A Separation and The Past . Those two films are constructed with astonishing brilliance and originality, and the audience shifts allegiance between the characters as Farhadi reveals each new layers of his stories. The story in The Salesman is more linear than in its sister dramas, but it is compelling nonetheless. Both A Separation and The Past can be rented on DVD from Netflix and Redbox and can be streamed from Amazon, iTunes, Vudu, YouTube and Google Play.

Farhadi does not make Feel Good movies; his dramas are challenging. That’s because he makes the audience care so much about his characters that we ache along with them. The payoff is that Farhadi delivers genuine human behavior and authentic human emotion.

Cinequest: Happenings of the Eighth Day

by

happeningsThe extremely trippy Happenings of the Eighth Day is a pure art film, for better and for worse.  It consists of some live action sketches wedged into some moody montages of characters driving around or walking on the beach and lots of evocative snippets of file footage and news photos. The sketches often center around a movie-within-a-movie and are tongue-in-cheek funny.  The fourth wall is often broken, with the script tossed into and out of scenes and, most hilariously, when the boom lowers into a scene and then the sound guy himself sits down with the actors.  The iconic movie images range from the pioneering silent The Kiss to Fritz the Cat.  There are very graphic and provocative film clips from the Holocaust, 9/11, Sarajevo and other horrors.

Some random comments:  There’s a frequent use of video insets.  Happenings employs the handheld background used famously in the Danish The Five Obstructions (see photo below).  Even by Hollywood standards, the actresses were merely ornamental.

Happenings isn’t about a conventional narrative, so what’s going on here? Writer/director/actor/cinematographer/co-editor/actor Arya Ghavamian says that the theme is the oppression which he felt in his boyhood Iran and continues to feel in American society, a feeling he describes as “consistent paranoia”.  Hmmm.

Here’s my ambivalence:  With its humor, vivid imagery and driving music, Happenings almost worked for me as eye candy.  But the clash between the smirking characters and the images of real atrocities seemed exploitative, and it put me off.  Now, if you buy into Ghavamian’s explicit intention – a contemplation of oppression – the atrocity shots are justified, but I didn’t find that message coherent, nor did I think that it fit within the appealing overall slyness of the film.  But, with the exception of a couple sketches that ran on too long and some moments that were annoying or offensive, I found it pretty entertaining.

Happenings of the Eighth Day is a VERY low-budget film, and its sound is particularly bad and its editing is particularly good.

I saw Happenings of the Eighth Day at its World Premiere at Cinequest in the San Jose Repertory Theatre and, I’ve got to say, no premiere in the history of cinema could have been any closer to its filming locations.  The San Jose Rep is on the Paseo de San Antonio and 75% of the movie’s exteriors were shot along the Paseo from the Cesar Chavez fountains and the Fairmont Hotel past the Post Office to The Movie Gourmet’s own personal bench between Philz Coffee and the Tangerine salon. A former Philz barrista even appears in the film.

happenings2

 

DVD of the Week: A Separation

by

A contemporary Iranian couple had planned to leave Iran for a better life in the West, but, by the time they have wrangled a visa from the bureaucracy, the husband’s father has developed Alzheimer’s. The husband refuses to leave his father and the wife leaves the home in protest. They are well-educated and secular. The husband hires a poor and religious woman to care for his father (and she does not tell her husband about her job). Then there is an incident which unravels the lives of both families.

This is a brilliant film. Writer-director Asghar Farhadi has constructed a story in which the audience sees and hears everything that happens, but our understanding of the events and characters evolve.  We think we know what has happened, but then other narratives are revealed.  Likewise, the moral high ground is passed from one character to another and to another.  It’s like Rashomon, but with the audience keeping a single point of view.

Much of that point of view is shared by the ever watchful teenage daughter of the educated couple.  She desperately wants her parents back together, views everything through this prism and is powerless to make it happen.  She is played by Farhadi’s real life daughter.

Religion towers above the action – and not in a good way.  It guides the actions of the religious couple into choices against their interest.  The Iranian theocracy restricts the choices of the secular couple and of the judges trying to sort everything out.  Almost every character is a good person who is forced to lie to avoid some horrific result otherwise required by the culture.

One final note:  it will be a lot harder to make an easy joke at the expense of American lawyers after watching the Iranian justice system in A Separation.

The realistic angst of the chapters makes this a difficult film to watch – not a light date movie for sure. But the payoff is worth it, and it’s a must see.

This film was on the top ten list of over 30 critics and is Roger Ebert’s top-rated film of 2011.  It won the 2011 Foreign Language Picture Oscar.  Because regular folks like us could only see it in 2012, it made my list of Best Movies of 2012 – So Far.

A Separation: brilliant film, tough to watch

by

A contemporary Iranian couple had planned to leave Iran for a better life in the West, but, by the time they have wrangled a visa from the bureaucracy, the husband’s father has developed Alzheimer’s. The husband refuses to leave his father and the wife leaves the home in protest. They are well-educated and secular. The husband hires a poor and religious woman to care for his father (and she does not tell her husband about her job). Then there is an incident which unravels the lives of both families.

This is a brilliant film. Writer-director Asghar Farhadi has constructed a story in which the audience sees and hears everything that happens, but our understanding of the events and characters evolve.  We think we know what has happened, but then other narratives are revealed.  Likewise, the moral high ground is passed from one character to another and to another.  It’s like Rashomon, but with the audience keeping a single point of view.

Much of that point of view is shared by the ever watchful teenage daughter of the educated couple.  She desperately wants her parents back together, views everything through this prism and is powerless to make it happen.  She is played by Farhadi’s real life daughter.

Religion towers above the action – and not in a good way.  It guides the actions of the religious couple into choices against their interest.  The Iranian theocracy restricts the choices of the secular couple and of the judges trying to sort everything out.  Almost every character is a good person who is forced to lie to avoid some horrific result otherwise required by the culture.

One final note:  it will be a lot harder to make an easy joke at the expense of American lawyers after watching the Iranian justice system in A Separation.

The realistic angst of the chapters makes this a difficult film to watch – not a light date movie for sure. But the payoff is worth it, and it’s a must see.

This film is on the top ten list of over 30 critics and is Roger Ebert’s top-rated film of 2011. It is a lead pipe cinch for the Foreign Language Picture Oscar.